|
Medication |
What it does |
Common brand names |
|
Anti-Platelet Agents |
Antiplatelet—acts to slow the initial phases of blood clotting in
arteries. Helps lower risk of a second cardiac event (often used after
by-pass surgery or cardiac stent procedures. |
Clopidigrel (Plavix®), aspirin
NOTE: It is common to give both agents together following a cardiac
intervention (stent). |
|
Anti-Anginal Drugs (Vasodilators) |
Used to treat angina (chest pain). Relaxes blood vessels (vasodilates)
and stops chest pain by increasing oxygen flow to heart. |
nitroglycerin (Nitrobid®, Nitrostat®), isosorbide (Ismo®, Imdur®,
Isordil®) |
|
Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs |
Used to bring under control abnormal rhythms of the heart (including
atrial fibrillation), so the heart can pump more
effectively. |
sotalol (Betapace®), amiodarone (Cordarone®), Verapamil (Calan®),
digoxin (Lanoxin®), diltiazem (Cardizem®) |
|
Anticoagulants
"Blood Thinners" |
Prevents the blood from clotting. Used in atrial fibrillation, valve
replacement and patients with a history of blood clots. |
Oral: warfarin (Coumadin®)
Injectables: Heparin and enoxaparin (Lovenox®) |
|
Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs
(Antihypertensives) |
Used to control blood pressure which reduces the risk of stroke or
heart attack. |
ACE-Inhibitors, Beta-Blockers & Calcium-Channel Blockers (see
below) |
|
Diuretics
"Water Pills" |
Lower blood pressure by causing the body to excrete excess fluids and
sodium. |
Furosemide (Lasix®), bumetanide (Bumex®),
hydrochlorthiazide |
|
Angiotension-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE) |
Dilates blood vessels to lower blood pressure and help heart empty in
congestive heart failure (helps prevent progression of disease).
|
captopril (Capoten®), lisinopril (Zestril®), fosinopril (Monopril®),
ramipril (Altace®) |
|
Beta-Blockers |
Lowers blood pressure and slows heart rate (including protection
against arrhythmias). Helps lower risk of stroke and heart
attacks. |
atenolol (Tenormin®), bisoprolol (Zebeta®) metroprolol (Lopressor®,
Toprol-XL ®), Carvidilol (Coreg)® |
|
Cholesterol-Reducing Drugs |
Lowers level of fats (lipids) in the blood, which include cholesterol
and triglycerides. Blocks production of specific enzyme the body uses to
make cholesterol. Reduces risk of heart attack. |
Statins: atorvastatin (Lipitor®), simvastatin (Zocor®), pravastatin
(Pravachol®), (Crestor®)
Others: ezembide (Zetia®)
Combination: Vytorin® |
|
Calcium-Channel Blocker |
Relaxes blood vessels (vasodilates) to assist in blood pressure control
and prevention of angina (chest pain). Some also can be used to control
arrhythmias (ie-atrial fibrillation) |
amlodipine (Norvasc®), diltiazem (Cardizem®), nifedipine (Procardia®),
verapamil (Calan®). |
|
Thrombolytic Agents
"Clot-busters" |
Injectable medication given at the onset of a heart attack to break a
coronary artery clot, and restore blood flow. |
TNKase® (tennecteplase),
Retavase® (alteplase) |
|
Heart Failure Drugs |
Increases efficiency of heart (decrease rate), decreases resistance
(helps unload heart). |
carvedilol (Coreg®)
ACE-Inhibitors, Diuretics, Beta-blockers (See specific section for
examples) |